Vol 10 No 1 (2022): June
Business Law

Crypto Asset as a Transaction Tool in the Perspective of Economic Analysis of Law: Legal Consequences and Ius Constituendum
Aset Kripto sebagai Alat Transaksi dalam Perspektif Analisis Hukum Ekonomi: Konsekuensi Hukum dan Ius Constituendum

Dita Damayanti Sasmito Ningsih
Fakultas Hukum Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia *
Dimas Hikari Achmad
Fakultas Hukum Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
Elreddian Kusuma Dewi
Fakultas Hukum Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
Yessy Arinta Puji Purnami
Fakultas Hukum Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia

(*) Corresponding Author


Picture in here are illustration from public domain image or provided by the author, as part of their works
Published June 16, 2022
Keywords
  • Crypto Assets,
  • Digital Business,
  • Economic Analysis of Law
How to Cite
Ningsih, D. D. S., Achmad, D. H., Dewi, E. K., & Purnami, Y. A. P. (2022). Crypto Asset as a Transaction Tool in the Perspective of Economic Analysis of Law: Legal Consequences and Ius Constituendum. Rechtsidee, 10(1), 10.21070/jihr.v10i0.787. https://doi.org/10.21070/jihr.v10i0.787
 

Abstract

This normative legal research examines the economic and legal aspects of using crypto assets as a means of business transactions in Indonesia. The study uses a concept and legislation approach to analyze the legal consequences of crypto assets as transaction tools in digital business transactions. The research finds that crypto assets can be traded as goods in accordance with existing regulations, but cannot be used as legal tender in digital business transactions. Any digital transaction that uses only crypto assets as currency is null and void, and subject to criminal sanctions. To regulate the use of crypto assets as transaction tools, the study suggests breaking down the substance of Bappebti Regulation into two characters, regeling and beshikking. The implication of this research is that further studies and proposals are needed from Bappebti to determine whether crypto assets can be used as currency in the future, and to ensure that future regulation aligns with the principles of Economic Analysis of Law.


Highlights:

  1. Crypto assets can be traded as goods in accordance with regulations.
  2. Crypto assets cannot be used as legal tender in digital business transactions.
  3. Regulation of crypto assets as a transaction tool needs to be further developed and clarified.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

  1. A. Harding, “Theories of Law and Development,” Asian J. Soc. Sci., vol. 46, no. 4–5, pp. 421–444, Sep. 2018, doi: 10.1163/15685314-04604003.
  2. N. Katagiri, “Why international law and norms do little in preventing non-state cyber attacks,” J. Cybersecurity, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 1–9, Feb. 2021, doi: 10.1093/cybsec/tyab009.
  3. R. Susskind, The Future of the Professions: How Technology Will Transform the Work of Human Experts. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015.
  4. D. P. A. D. Rafli, “NFT Become a Copyright Solution,” Paulus Law J., vol. 1, no. 2, p. 45, 2022, doi: 10.51342/plj.v1i1.42.
  5. K. Safitri, “Kilas Balik Perkembangan Kripto di Indonesia Sepanjang 2021, Artis hingga Pejabat Berlomba Jualan NFT.” money.kompas.com, Jakarta, 2021.
  6. S. Hartono and R. Budiarsih, “Potensi Kesuksesan Penerapan Pajak Penghasilan Terhadap Transaksi Aset Kripto Di Indonesia,” J. Pajak dan Keuang. Negara, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 132–146, 2022, doi: 10.31092/jpkn.v4i1.1740.
  7. P. M. Devadasan, “Study On The Rationality Of Utilitratian Philosophy Of Law - An Analysis.,” Int. J. Case Stud. Business, IT Educ., vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 77–85, 2018, doi: 10.5281/ZENODO.1491398.
  8. M. Afrizal, “Analisis Terhadap Cryptocurrency (Perspektif Mata Uang, Hukum, Ekonomi Dan Syariah),” Ekon. Manajemen, dan Bisnis, vol. 22, no. 2, p. 15, 2021.
  9. I. N. A. Dwi Priyatno, “Melirik Dinamika Cryptocurrency dengan Pendekatan Ushul Fiqih,” Ilm. Ekon. Islam, vol. 7, no. 3, p. 1683, 2021.
  10. N. M. P. U. Kadek Dyah Pramitha Widyarani, Ida Ayu Putu Widiati, “Kajian Yuridis Penggunaan Koin Kripto Sebagai Alat Pembayaran Di Indonesia,” J. Prefer. Huk. |, vol. 3, no. 2, p. 301, 2022.
  11. G. Duke, “Law’s Normative Point,” Law Philos., vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 1–27, Feb. 2019, doi: 10.1007/s10982-018-9334-8.
  12. M. Najibur Rohman, “Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Hukum TINJAUAN YURIDIS NORMATIF TERHADAP REGULASI MATA UANG KRIPTO (CRYPTO CURRENCY) DI INDONESIA,” J. Supremasi, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 1–10, 2021.
  13. H. S. Jati and A. A. Zulfikar, “Transaksi Cryptocurrency Perspektif Hukum Ekonomi Syariah,” J. Al-Adalah, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 137–148, 2021.
  14. S. Sihombing, M. Rizky Nasution, and I. Sadalia, “Analisis Fundamental Cryptocurrency terhadap Fluktuasi Harga: Studi Kasus Tahun 2019-2020,” J. Akuntansi, Keuangan, dan Manaj., vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 213–224, 2021, doi: 10.35912/jakman.v2i3.373.
  15. N. Huda and R. Hambali, “Risiko dan Tingkat Keuntungan Investasi Cryptocurrency PENDAHULUAN Latar Belakang Di Era Revolusi 4 . 0 Perkembangan Dunia teknologi semakin pesat dan telah membawa dunia menuju ke arah yang baru pada hampir keseluruh aspek kehidupan manusia termasuk dala,” J. Manaj. dan Bisnis Performa, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 72–84, 2020.
  16. S. Sajidin, “Legalitas Penggunaan Cryptocurrency Sebagai Alat Pembayaran Di Indonesia,” Arena Huk., vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 245–267, 2021, doi: 10.21776/ub.arenahukum.2021.01402.3.
  17. S. Rahmah and M. Jannah, “Identitas Cryptocurrency : Halal Dan Haram,” Ar-Ribh J. Ekon. Islam, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 198–205, 2021, doi: 10.26618/jei.v4i2.6237.
  18. S. Puspasari, “Perlindungan Hukum bagi Investor pada Transaksi Aset Kripto dalam Bursa Berjangka Komoditi,” Jurist-Diction, vol. 3, no. 1, p. 303, 2020, doi: 10.20473/jd.v3i1.17638.
  19. M. U. Noor, “NFT (Non-Fungible Token): Masa Depan Arsip Digital? Atau Hanya Sekedar Buble?,” Pustakaloka, vol. 13, no. 2, p. 225, 2021.
  20. D. S. Bloch, “Non-fungible tokens: A solution to the challenges of using blockchain bills of lading in the international sales of goods,” J. Law, Mark. Innov., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 44–65, 2022.
  21. M. Habiburrahman, A. Atsar, F. Hukum, U. Mataram, P. Konsumen, and J. Education, “Perlindungan hukum bagi pengguna transaksi cryptocurrency di indonesia,” J. Educ. Dev., vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 697–706, 2022.
  22. M. H. Shinta Yulia Sari, Juwita, “Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Nasabah Cryptocurrency Ditinjau Dari Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 Tentang Perlindungan Konsumen,” Syntax Lit. J. Ilm. Indones., vol. 7, no. 4, p. 2543, 2022.
  23. M. S. Ramadhan, T. Murty, A. Nugraha, and M. Z. Arifin, “Legitimasi Cryptocurrency (Mata Uang Digital) Sebagai Aset Korporasi,” Rechtidee, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 246–266, 2021, doi: 10.21107/ri.v16i2.11862.
  24. M. Z. Aulia, “Hukum Pembangunan dari Mochtar Kusuma-atmadja: Mengarahkan Pembangunan atau Mengabdi pada Pembangunan?,” Undang J. Huk., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 363–392, 2018.
  25. N. A. Muhamad, “The Legal Philosophy of Lon L. Fuller: Profile,” Soc. Contract J. SCJ, vol. 1, no. 1, p. 2, 2020.
  26. A. Arum, Global Currency Initiative: Merintis Mata Uang Global Demokrasi, 1st ed. Jakarta: Gramedia, 2019.
  27. J. J. Biser, “Locke Versus Hobbes: Political Economy of Property Rights,” J. Econ. Educ., vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 1–27, 2020.
  28. R. A. Posner, “Utilitarianism, Economics, and Legal Theory,” J. Legal Stud., vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 103–140, Jan. 1979, doi: 10.1086/467603.
  29. R. Posner, Economic Approach to Law, 9th ed. New York: Wolters Kluwer Law and Business, 2012.
  30. M. M. Vivian, “Law, justice and Reza Banakar’s legal sociology,” Onati Socio-Legal Ser., vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 1–29, 2021, doi: 10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1169.
  31. S. A. Apostu, M. Panait, L. Vasa, C. Mihaescu, and Z. Dobrowolski, “NFTs and Cryptocurrencies—The Metamorphosis of the Economy under the Sign of Blockchain: A Time Series Approach,” Mathematics, vol. 10, no. 17, 2022, doi: 10.3390/math10173218.
  32. Z. Muhammad Al Ikhwan Bintarto, Sayang Bidul, “Analysis of Economic Analysis of Law Principle In Purchase Fuel By Application (Study of MyPertamina),” J. Huk. Bisnis Bonum Commune, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 203–210, 2022.
  33. M. Armansyah Akbar Andi, “Legal and Economic Analysis: A Case Study of Convict Self-Development,” SIGn J. Huk., vol. 4, no. 2, p. 175, 2022.
  34. S. Hartati, “The Concept of Populist Economy based on Transcendental Law,” Leg. Br., vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 131–139, 2021.
  35. D. S. Kristianti, “Prinsip Kebersamaan Dalam Hukum Investasi Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 Tentang Cipta Kerja: Politik Hukum Kepentingan Investasi Ataukah Kesejahteraan Masyarakat,” PAMALI Pattimura Magister Law Rev., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 90–113, Oct. 2021, doi: 10.47268/pamali.v1i2.619.
  36. K. A. Emina, “John Rawls Concept of Person and Society: A Critique,” Pinisi, vol. 1, no. 3, p. 77, 2021.
  37. D. G. Ignuta, “The General Theory of Law In The Context of New Realities Particular To The 21st Century,” AGORA Int. J. Juridical Sci., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 12–17, 2020.
  38. B. Kusumohamidjojo, Teori Hukum: Dilema Antara Hukum dan Kekuasaan, 1st ed. Bandung: Yrama Widya, 2016.
  39. W. F. van H. H.E. Bröring, “Gratie: een bestuursbevoegdheid getoetst: Een beschouwing naar aanleiding van het arrest van de Hoge Raad van 6 november 2020,” Ned. Tijdschr. voor Strafr., vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 6–19, 2021.
  40. S. N. Susanto, “Komponen, Konsep Dan Pendekatan Hukum Administrasi Negara,” Adm. Law Gov. J., vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 144–157, 2021.